According to ChainCatcher, citing GrowThePie data, the Ethereum mainnet set a record for all-time high throughput in 2025. The peak TPS (transactions per second) of the Ethereum ecosystem network recently reached a historic high of 32,950. Among them, Lighter accounts for about 90% of the average daily TPS on Ethereum L2, but pays only around $685 in daily on-chain costs to Ethereum.