Cosmos is a decentralized network of independent blockchains that aim to solve the problems of scalability, usability, lack of interoperability, and limited governance of previous blockchains. The project is regarded as the foundation to build the Internet of Blockchains where different blockchains can communicate and transact with each other while maintaining their own sovereignty. To help realize the full potentials of Cosmos, the team offers three free powerful tools to developers:
- Tendermint Core Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) - a consensus engine and a BFT consensus algorithm that allows state machines to be built in any programming language.
- The Cosmos Software Development Kit (SDK) - a framework that enables developers to build and customize secure and scalable blockchains efficiently.
- Inter-Blockchain Communication Protocol (IBC) - a communications protocol that lets blockchains exchange data in a quick and decentralized manner.
Cosmos' architecture comprises two classes of blockchain: Cosmos Hubs and Cosmos Zones. Zones are blockchains that are connected to one another via Hubs, and Hubs are special blockchains that connect Zones together in a way that decreases the number of connections among chains, thereby streamlining their communication. This multichain and optimal connection architecture allows the Cosmos network to scale infinitely at least in theory.
The first Hub in the Cosmos network is the Cosmos Hub, a PoS blockchain that has ATOM as its native token. After that, hundreds of blockchains have been established on Cosmos, some excellent examples of which include BNB Chain (BNB), Terra (LUNA), and Cronos (CRO).
ATOM has no maximum total supply and the current circulating supply of ATOM is 286,370,297.
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