The desert kingdom that is Saudi Arabia has known during the last two millennia two epochs of light, two golden ages. Saudi Arabia is the leading oil-producing country in the world. The country is also known for its hot and desert climate. English is widely used, while other languages spoken in the kingdom are Indonesian, Somali, Tagalog, Urdu, and Western Persian. The local currency is Saudi Riyal (SAR).
The surface of the Saudi territory is mainly occupied by deserts. However, the country shows very different faces. In the south, the Sarawat mountains are green. In the center, the Nadj is a steep region. The West and the North are covered with lava that creates huge sandy areas. The country is bathed by the Red Sea on its western part and the Persian Gulf on the east. Saudi Arabia covers more than 45% of the Arabian Peninsula. Some rivers cross the country. However, in the dry season, they are completely dried up.
Saudi Arabia's economy is mainly based on oil. It is, to this day, the leading producer of black gold, with more than a quarter of the world's total production locked up in its subsoil. Tourism is also an actor that plays an increasingly important role. In addition to pilgrimages, the country welcomes more and more travelers and can thus diversify its economy.
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