News

Jinse Finance reported that Vitalik posted on X, stating, "I hope more developers working on ZK (zero-knowledge proofs) and FHE (fully homomorphic encryption) can express performance using the overhead ratio (for example, 'time required for encrypted computation/original computation time'), rather than just saying 'we can perform N operations per second.' This method is less dependent on hardware and provides a very useful metric: when I shift my application from 'trust-based' to 'cryptography-based,' how much efficiency am I actually sacrificing? It is also generally more suitable for performance estimation, because as a developer, I already know how much time the original computation takes, so I can simply multiply by the overhead ratio to estimate performance. (Yes, I know this is not easy, because the types of operations between execution and proof are different, especially with significant differences in SIMD/parallelization and memory access methods, so even the overhead ratio is still partially hardware-dependent. But even so, I still believe that the 'overhead multiplier' is a very valuable metric, even though it is not perfect.)

ChainCatcher news, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin stated in a post that he hopes more zero-knowledge proof (ZK) and fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) developers can present performance overhead in terms of the "ratio of encrypted computation time to raw computation time," rather than simply describing performance as "number of executions per second." He pointed out that this approach is more hardware-independent and can also help developers assess the efficiency trade-off when shifting applications from "trust dependence" to "cryptographic security." Vitalik believes that even if heterogeneous operations cause the ratio to still be affected by hardware, the overhead factor remains a more informative metric.