ECB flags risk of financial contagion from US crypto push

The European Central Bank (ECB) raised an alarm over potential fallout from aggressive US support for the crypto industry, warning that a surge in dollar-backed stablecoins could destabilize Europe’s financial system.

According  to a policy paper seen by Politico, the ECB has asked for a revision of the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies just months after it came into effect.

The concern is that US reforms backed by President Donald Trump could flood European markets with dollar-denominated stablecoins.

The ECB fears this could trigger a flight of European capital into US assets, undermining EU financial sovereignty and exposing banks to liquidity risks.

ECB and European Commission Clash Over MiCA Rules

While the ECB calls for tighter controls, the European Commission dismissed the warnings as exaggerated, per the report.

The report, citing two diplomats and one EU official, said that the existing MiCA framework is robust enough to manage stablecoin risks despite potential US policies like  the Stablecoin Transparency and Accountability for a Better Ledger Economy (STABLE)  and  the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Stablecoins (GENIUS) , two bills aimed at expanding America’s crypto footprint.

“The Commission was quite clear that they had different views on this topic,” and “not very many (countries) supported the idea that we should now jump the gun and start making quick changes in (the rules) based on this alone,” one of the diplomats reportedly told Politico.

The stablecoin sector now commands a valuation of $234 billion, according to  data from CoinMarketCap .

The ECB warned that European issuers could face redemption pressures from EU and foreign holders without stricter limits, potentially sparking a financial “run” and harming exposed institutions.

“The worry is warranted,” Mikko Ohtamaa, co-founder and CEO at Trading Strategy, said in a post on X. “However, the EU had the first mover advantage with the regulation and they screwed it up.”

Ohtamaa said no EU stablecoin is globally competitive due to MiCA’s restrictive rules, which are influenced by bank and legacy finance lobbying.

Tether Remains a Major Critic of MiCA

​Tether, the issuer of the world’s largest stablecoin,  USDT , has long been a critic of the EU’s MiCA regulation.

Last year, CEO Paolo Ardoino argued that MiCA’s requirements, particularly the mandate for stablecoin issuers to hold at least 60% of reserves in EU bank accounts,  could introduce systemic risks to both stablecoins  and the broader banking system.

Due to noncompliance with MiCA, Tether’s USDt has faced delistings from major European exchanges, including Coinbase ,  Crypto.com  and  Kraken .